Proposed Diagnostic Criteria for the DSM-5 of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Female Adolescents: Diagnostic and Clinical Correlates
Table 4
Means, standard deviations (SDs), and effect sizes (Cohen’s ) of the FASM, in adolescents with NSSI (NSSI disorder) and adolescents with NSSI without impairment/distress (NSSI-C).
FASM item
NSSI disorder () M (SD)
NSSI-C () M (SD)
Cohen’s
No. of methods used
5.42 (2.18)
4.12 (2.00)
3.03
0.62
Paina
3.18 (0.98)
2.91 (0.70)
0.72
0.32
Medical treatment by medical staff
No. 4 (12.1%)
No. 1 (8.3%)
Age of onset (years)
13.05 (1.73)
13.00 (2.41)
0.01
0.02
Function
Automatic negative reinforcement
2.43 (0.84)
1.54 (0.81)
4.73*
1.08
Automatic positive reinforcement
2.08 (0.71)
1.33 (0.51)
6.41*
1.21
Social negative reinforcement
0.42 (0.48)
0.27 (0.34)
0.95
0.36
Social positive reinforcement
0.58 (0.37)
0.64 (0.58)
0.20
0.06
Note. aOn a scale from 4 (no pain) to 1 (severe pain); *.