Proposed Diagnostic Criteria for the DSM-5 of Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Female Adolescents: Diagnostic and Clinical Correlates

Table 5

Diagnostic correlates of adolescents with clinical diagnoses without NSSI (CCA), adolescents with NSSI without impairment/distress (NSSI-C), and adolescents with NSSI (NSSI), as well as logistic regressions and orthogonal comparisons between clinical controls and NSSI (CCA versus NSSI) and between NSSI disorder and NSSI-C (NSSI versus NSSI-C).

	CCA (𝑛=20); 𝑁 (%)	NSSI-C (𝑛=11); 𝑁 (%)	NSSI (𝑛=39); 𝑁 (%)	CCA versus NSSI; exp(𝑏) = OR [95% CI]	NSSI versus NSSI-C; exp(𝑏) = OR [95% CI]
Major depression	6 (30)	8 (72.7)	31 (79.5)	5.78 [1.12–29.85]*	1.36 [0.29–6.34]
Social phobia	5 (25)	3 (27.3)	15 (38.5)	1.05 [0.20–5.60]	1.82 [0.41–8.00]
PTSD	1 (5)	2 (18.2)	11 (28.2)	4.00 [0.32–50.23]	1.90 [0.35–10.28]
BPD	0	0	8 (20.5)	NA	NA
Specific phobia	4 (20)	1 (9.1)	7 (17.9)	0.53 [0.05–5.86]	2.33 [0.26–21.36]
ODD	2 (10)	1 (9.1)	5 (12.8)	0.85 [0.07–10.61]	1.56 [0.16–15.00]
Bulimia Nervosa	0	0	5 (12.8)	NA	NA
Dysthymia	2 (10)	2 (18.2)	4 (10.3)	1.89 [0.23–15.74]	0.55 [0.09–3.47]
Conduct disorder	0	0	4 (10.3)	NA	NA
OCD	4 (20)	0	2 (5.1)	NA	NA
Agoraphobia	2 (10)	1 (9.1)	2 (5.1)	1.80 [0.10–31.99]	0.57 [0.05–6.97]
ADHD	0	0	2 (5.1)	NA	NA
Anorexia nervosa	3 (15)	2 (18.2)	1 (2.6)	1.19 [0.17–8.47]	0.13 [0.01–1.54]
Panic disorder	1 (5)	0	1 (2.6)	NA	NA
GAD	2 (10)	0	1 (2.6)	NA	NA
Suicide attempts	4 (20)	6 (54.4)	27 (69.2)	4.50 [0.89–22.74]	1.88 [0.48–7.36]
Smoking	2 (10)	3 (27.3)	21 (53.8)	3.38 [0.47–24.29]	3.11 [0.72–13.51]
	M (SD)	M (SD)	M (SD)	𝑇(67)	𝑇(67)
No. of diagnoses	1.70 (1.22)	2.09 (0.70)	3.46 (1.80)	2.50**	2.62, 𝑝=.07  𝑑=1.0

Note. *𝑝<.05,  **𝑝<.01. ADHD: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ODD: Oppositional Deviant Disorder, GAD: Generalized Anxiety Disorder, BPD: Borderline Personality Disorder, OCD: Obsessive Compulsive Disorder, PTSD: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, NA: not applicable.