Review Article
The Effects of Antipsychotics on Prolactin Levels and Women’s Menstruation
Table 1
Frequency of antipsychotic induced hyperprolactinaemia and menstrual abnormalities according to different studies.
| Antipsychotic agents | Prevalence rates of hyperprolactinaemia | Prevalence rates of menstrual abnormalities |
| All antipsychotic agents | | (i) 15%–50% [32] | | (ii) 22%–50% [78] | | (iii) 15%–97% [33] |
| All typical antipsychotic agents | (i) 33–35% (depot agents) [28, 36] | | (ii) 47% [6] | | (iii) 68% [28] | |
| Haloperidol | 72% (2 weeks therapy)—60% (6 weeks therapy), [42] | (i) 91% [31] | (ii) 17% [44] |
|
Risperidone | (i) 72%–100% (oral treatment) |
(i) 1%–10% (Amenorrhea) [48] | (ii) 53%–67% (intramuscular injection), [1, 14, 49] | (iii) 88% [6] | 0%–5% [27, 37] | (ii) 8%–48% [6] |
| Clozapine | (i) Double rates of risperidone [52, 53] | | (ii) No difference [42] | | Paliperidone | (iii) 68% [49] | | (iv) 40% [37] | | (v) 28% [28] | | | (vi) 24% [55] | | | | | Olanzapine | (i) 0% [49] | No symptoms [44] | (ii) 14% [37] | (iii) 22% [28] | | | | | <5% [58] | |
| Quetiapine | 100% [62] | |
| Aripiprazole | | 0% [59] |
| Amisulpride | | (i) 41% (amenorrhea) [63] | | (ii) No adequate data [65] |
| Ziprasidone | | 0% [67] |
| Zotepine | | No adequate data [68] |
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