Depth-Dependent Cellular Response from Dental Bulk-Fill Resins in Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Table 3

Depth of cure obtained by the ISO 4049 test and hardness comparison method and summary of cytotoxicity at different depths.

Materials	Cytotoxicity^#			Depth of cure (mm)
	Top (0~2 mm)	Middle (2~4 mm)	Bottom (4~6 mm)	Scraping test (ISO, )	Hardness profile method (, )
SDR	-	-	+		5.71
VBF	-	+	+		>6
BBF	+	+	+		4.24
ZFF	-	+	+		2.35

^#When the average cell viability was >70%, noncytotoxicity was determined (-). If the cell viability was <70%, cytotoxicity was determined (+). To measure the depth of cure, the scraping test () used 20 s of light curing, while the hardness profile method () included 4 sessions of 20 s of light curing to cover a larger diameter.