Prevalence and Predictors of Pulmonary Tuberculosis among Prison Inmates in Sub-Saharan Africa: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Table 2

Quality assessment techniques of the primary studies for the prevalence and predictors of pulmonary tuberculosis among prison inmates in SSA, 2020.

Sampling techniques for screening of TB in the prison for the selection of participants	Mass screening in the prison (census)	References
		[36, 38, 39, 41, 42, 43, 51, 58, 62, 63, 65, 67, 68, 70, 71, 73]
	Consecutive convenient sampling	[40, 44, 48, 49, 53, 59]
	Random sampling technique	[37, 50, 54–57, 62, 64, 66, 69]
Diagnosis methods: bacteriological confirmation of pulmonary tuberculosis in the prison inmates	Direct light (AFB)/FM and culture (Lowenstein-Jensen)	[48, 53, 54, 60, 64–66, 72, 73]
	GeneXpert MTB/RIF	[39, 40, 42, 55]
	Direct light microscopy(AFB)	[38, 47, 51, 58, 59, 61, 67, 69, 70]
	Direct microscopy, GeneXpert MTB/RIF, and culture	[41]
	Digital chest X-ray, direct microscopy, and culture	[62, 66]
	Direct microscopy and chest X-ray	[52, 68]
	Digital chest X-ray, GeneXpert MTB/RIF, and direct microscopy	[49, 57]
	Direct microscopy/FM and GeneXpert	[43, 44]
	Culture (Lowenstein-Jensen)	[36, 37, 50]
	GeneXpert and culture	[71]
	FM	[45, 56, 63]

Key: AFB: acid-fast bacilli; FM: fluorescent microscopy.