Wind Tunnel Analysis of the Aerodynamic Loads on Rolling Stock over Railway Embankments: The Effect of Shelter Windbreaks

Table 3

Highest percentage reduction on the aerodynamic loads on the train at windward track with eave-parapets, in relation to the aerodynamic loads measured with no-eave-parapets (). The height of the parapet where the highest reduction is obtained is also included in each case.

[°]	[mm]
Embankment slope 1 : 2 (train at windward track)
−6	5	6.9%	0.15	36.9%	0.15	12.9%	0.10
	10	13.1%	0.15	39.4%	0.15	15.4%	0.10
	15	17.1%	0.15	39.0%	0.15	16.3%	0.10
0	5	10.8%	0.15	17.8%	0.10	4.0%	0.10
	10	16.0%	0.15	21.3%	0.54	5.2%	0.34
	15	2.3%	0.10	20.9%	0.54	9.5%	0.10
6	5	21.8%	0.25	1.4%	0.54	36.1%	0.10
	10	21.5%	0.25	55.6%	0.10	20.6%	0.34
	15	30.0%	0.25	63.3%	0.10	24.8%	0.34
[°]	[mm]
Embankment slope 1 : 1 (train at windward track)
−6	5	8.7%	0.15	3.0%	0.54	3.4%	0.54
	10	12.3%	0.15	37.7%	0.15	12.1%	0.15
	15	6.3%	0.10	33.7%	0.15	11.2%	0.15
0	5	11.8%	0.10	9.5%	0.54	10.4%	0.54
	10	18.3%	0.10	4.2%	0.25	16.3%	0.54
	15	21.7%	0.10	12.5%	0.54	13.0%	0.54
6	5	27.0%	0.25	67.9%	0.10	55.6%	0.15
	10	36.5%	0.25	75.7%	0.15	60.8%	0.15
	15	39.7%	0.25	65.9%	0.25	58.0%	0.15