Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms and Daytime Voiding Symptoms in Children with Primary Enuresis: An Observational Study to Evaluate the Effectiveness of Desmopressin Treatment
Table 1
Demographic characteristics categorized by the presence of ADHD symptoms in a total of 68 children with primary enuresis in urologic clinics.
ADHD symptoms ()
Non-ADHD ()
value
Age (yrs) mean ± SD
7.92 ± 2.05
8.58 ± 1.84
0.17
Paternal age (yrs) Mean ± SD
41.4 ± 6.66
42.9 ± 4.78
0.32
Maternal age (yrs) Mean ± SD
38.3 ± 5.16
40.4 ± 4.36
0.07
Birth weight (gm) Mean ± SD
3210 ± 412
3130 ± 560
0.56
Number of siblings (person)
1.19 ± 0.68
1.05 ± 0.59
0.38
Gender f/m (%)
8/19 (29.6/70.4)
9/32 (22.0/78.0)
0.47
Gestation age (%)
0.45
Full term
22 (81.5)
33 (80.5)
Premature (<37 wks)
3 (11.1)
2 (4.9)
Postterm (>40 wks)
2 (7.4)
6 (14.6)
Maternal education (%)
0.26
College
8 (29.6)
17 (41.5)
High school
19 (70.4)
22 (53.7)
Elementary school
0 (0)
2 (4.8)
Household incomes (%)
0.99
Low
3 (11.5)
5 (12.5)
Middle
10 (38.5)
15 (37.5)
High
13 (50.0)
20 (50.0)
Marital status (%)
0.19
Intact marriage
23 (85.2)
38 (95.0)
Separated
2 (7.4)
0 (0)
Divorced
2 (7.4)
2 (5.0)
Type of delivery (%)
0.80
Normal spontaneous delivery
20 (74.1)
28 (68.3)
Emergent cesarean section
2 (7.4)
5 (12.2)
Elective cesarean section
5 (18.5)
8 (19.5)
Perinatal insult (%)
2 (8.3)
2 (5.3)
0.63
Household incomes: low means monthly incomes <30000 NT dollars; moderate means incomes between 30000 and 80000 NT dollars; high means incomes ≧80000 NT dollars. Numeric data are expressed as mean ± SD and compared with -test. Categorical data are expressed as number (percentage) and compared with chi-square test.
