Intermittent Alien Hand Syndrome and Callosal Apraxia in Multiple Sclerosis: Implications for Interhemispheric Communication

Table 1

DA performance on neuropsychological testing (the star indicates scores below cutoffs).

Cognitive functions	NPSYCH tests	Raw score; (corrected)	Range	Cutoff; scores
Language	Naming	30	0–30
	Fluency by phoneme	33	—	≤17.35
	Fluency by category	42	—	≤24
Short-term and working memory	Visual span
	-Corsi test	4 (3.50)*	0–10	≤3.75
	Digit span
	(i) Forward	6 (5.75)	0–10	≤3.75
	(ii) Backward	4	0–10
Long-term memory
(i) Verbal LTM	List of words
	(i) Immediate recall	49 (46.3)	0–80	≤25.14
	(ii) Delayed recall	12 (11.2)	0–16	≤3.44
(ii) Visual LTM	Story recall	9.7 (8.95)	0–16	≤4.50
	Delayed recall of Rey’s figure	13 (13.25)	0–36	≤9.46
Attention and information processing	Trail making test (TMT)
	(i) Part A	93′′ (83)	—	≥94
	(ii) Part B	148′′ (111)	—	≥282
	Symbol digit modalities test
	-Oral form	21*	0–100
Executive functions	Raven’s CPM	33 (30.8)	0–36	≤18.96
	London tower	28	0–36
	Modified card sorting test
	(i) Categories	6	0–6	≤2
	(ii) Perseverative errors	1 (1)	—	≥6.41
	Cognitive estimates
	(i) Errors	19*	0–42	≥18
	(ii) Bizarre errors	4*	0–21	≥4
Praxis	Figure copying	9 (9.1)	0–12	≤7.18
	Rey-Osterrieth complex figure	31 (30.25)	0–36	≤28.87
	Clock test	9	0–10	≤7
Visual processing	Minimal feature view task	25	0–25