Colloid Systems and Interfaces Stability of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles in Aqueous Environments: Effects of pH, Ionic Composition, and Suwanee River Humic and Fulvic Acids

Figure 1

Zeta potential and hydrodynamic diameter of CeO₂ NPs as a function of pH (1–14). The results are presented as an average value of around 1 hr measurements with the corresponding standard deviation.