Colloid Systems and Interfaces Stability of Cerium Oxide Nanoparticles in Aqueous Environments: Effects of pH, Ionic Composition, and Suwanee River Humic and Fulvic Acids

Figure 11

Zeta potential of CeO₂ NPs as a function of time in varying concentrations of NaCl or CaCl₂ in the presence of HA at pH 8.2, pH 10.2, and pH 12.2: (a) HA, NaCl, and pH 8.2; (b) HA, CaCl₂, and pH 8.2; (c) HA, NaCl, and pH 10.2; (d) HA, CaCl₂, and pH 10.2; (e) HA, NaCl, and pH 12.2; and (f) HA, CaCl₂, and pH 12.2.

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(b)

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