The Positive Role and Mechanism of Herbal Medicine in Parkinson’s Disease

Table 1

Formulations with PD-alleviating effect in Chinese herbal medicines.

Formulations	Herbal medicines and their contents	References
Banxia-Houpo-Tang	6 g Pinellia ternate Breitenbach, 3 g Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf, 3 g Magnolia obovata Thunberg, 2 g Perilla frutescens Britton ar. Acuta Lubo, and 1 g Zingiber officcinale Roscoc	[212, 213]
Bushen-Yanggan-Recipe	15 g Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, 15 g Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch., 15 g Uncariae Ramulus Cum Uncis, 15 g Paeonia lactiflora Pall., 9 g Polygoni Multiflori Radix Praeparata	Cai et al., 2002
Bushen-Huoxue-Granule	20 g Fructus Corni, 20 g Rhizoma Acortatarinowii, 20 g Radix Polygonimultiflori, 15 g Herba Cistanches, 10 g Raix Angelicaesinensis, 15 g Radix Salviaemiltiorrhizae, and Scolopendra 2 pieces	Yang et al., 2010; [193]; Li et al., 2012; Wang et al., 2014; [112]
Bu-ShenJie-Du-Fang	Rehmannia glutinosa, Cistanche deser ticola, Paeonia lactiflora Pall, Radix Angelica Sinensis, Puer ariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, Scutellariae Radix, Antelope Horn Powder, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis with a weight ratio of 5 : 5 : 4 : 4 : 5 : 4 : 4 : 1 : 2	[226]
Chuanxiong-Chatiao-Pulvis	12 g Ligusticum chuanxiong Hort., 12 g Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq., 6 g Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, 6 g Notopterygii Rhizoma Et Radix, 6 g Glycyrrhizae Radix Et Rhizoma, 3 g Asari Radix Et Rhizoma, 4.5 g Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk., 12 g Mentha haplocalyx Briq., 4.5 g green tea	[215]
Fangji-Dihuang-Decoction	Rehmannia glutinosa, Cistanche deserticola, Paeonialactiflora Pall, Radix Angelica sinensis, Puerariae Radix, Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix Scutellariae, Antelope Horn powder, and Glycyrrhizae Radixina with a weight ratio of 5 : 5 : 4 : 4 : 5 : 4 : 4 : 1 : 2	Xiong et al., 2019
Huanglian-Jiedu-Decoction	9 g Coptis chinensis Franch, 6 g Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, 6 g Phellodendron amurense Rupr, and 9 g Gardenia jasminoides Ellis	Durairajan et al., 2014
A modified formulation of Huanglian-Jie-Du-Tang	Rhizoma coptidis, Radix scutellariae, Cortex phellodendri, and Fructus gardeniae with a weight ratio of 3 : 2 : 2 : 3	Durairajan et al., 2017
Hua-Feng-Dan	10% cinnabar (96% as HgS) and 10% realgar (90% as As4S4), along with other components, such as Jingjie (Nepeta cataria), Tianma (Gastrodia elata), Jiangchan (Bombyx batryticatus), Tiannanxing (Arisaema erubescens), Baifuzi (Aconitum coreanum), Cangshu (Atractylodes japonica), and Quanxie (Buthus martensii Karsch)	[10, 227]
Jia-Jian-Di-Huang-Yin-Zi-Decoction	Rehmannia Glutinosa Libosch, Cornus Ofcinalis Sieb. et Zucc, Morinda Ofcinalis How, Cistanche Deserticola Y.C. Ma, Angelica Sinensis (Oliv.) Diels, Asparagus Cochinchinensis Merr., Paeonia Lactiflora Pall. with weight ratio of 1 : 0.6 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1 : 1	[114]
Kami-Shoyo-San	3 g Bupleurum falcatum, 3 g Paeonia lactiflora Pall., 3 g Atractylodes lancea, 3 g Angelica acutiloba, 3 g Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf, 2 g Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, 2 g Paeonia suffruticosa Andr., 1.5 g Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., 1 g Zingiber officcinale Roscoc, and 1 g Menthae arvensis	Ishikawa et al., 2000
Liuwei-Dihuang-Pill	24 g Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, 12 g Corni Fructus Praeparata, 9 g Paeonia suffruticosa Andr., 12 g Dioscorea opposita Thunb., 9 g Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf, and 9 g Alisma orientalis (Sam.) Juzep.	[217, 218]
San-Huang-Xie-Xin-Tang	5 g Coptis chinensis Franch, 5 g Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, and 10 g Rheum officcinale Baill.	[219]
Shouwu-Shudi-Yin	-	Tunje et al., 2016
Tianma-Gouteng-Yin	9 g Gastrodia elata Bl., 12 g Uncariae Ramulus cum Uncis, 18 g Haliotidis Concha, 9 g Gardenia jasminoides Ellis, 12 g Cyathula officinalis Kuan, 9 g Eucommia ulmoides Oliv., 9 g Taxillus chinensis (DC.), 9 g Polygoni Multiflori Caulis, 9 g Fulingshe, and 9 g Leonurus japonicas Houtt.	[144, 178]
Yeoldahanso Tang	Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi, Angelica tenuissima Nakai, Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, Platycodon grandiflorum (Jacq), Angelicae Dahurica, Cimicifuga heracleifolia Kom, Raphanus sativa L., Polygala tenuifolia (Willd.), Acorus gramineus Soland., and Dimocarpus longan Lour. with a weight ratio of 6 : 4 : 2 : 1 : 2 : 2 : 2 : 4 : 6 : 6 in dry weight	Bae et al., 2011/2015
Zhen-Wu-Tang	30 g Paeonia lactiflora Pall., 10 g Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz, 10 g Typhonium giganteum Engl., 10 g Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf, 10 g Zingiber officcinale Roscoc	[221, 222]
Zhichan-Soup	15 g Astragalus mongholicus, 12 g Salvia miltiorrhiza Bge., 10 g Gastrodia elata Bl., 18 g Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Miq. ex Havil, 15 g Paeonia lactiflora Pall., 9 g Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 10 g Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bge.	[224]
DA 9805 exerts	DA-9805 was prepared by extracting three dried plant materials (Moutan cortex, Angelica Dahurica root, and Bupleurum root in a 1 : 1 : 1 mixture) with 90% ethanol on a stirring plate for 24 h at room temperature and fingerprinted using high-performance liquid chromatography.	Jeong et al., 2018
KSOP1009 (a modified formulation of Suhexiang-Wan essential oil)	Liquidambaris Storax (Hamamelidaceae) (411 g), Myristicae Semen (Myristi caceae) (1642 g), Ligustici Rhizoma (Umbel liferae) (2189 g), Santali Alba Lignum (Santa laceae) (2009.08, 821 g), Piperis Longi Fructus (Piperaceae) (2737 g), Eugeniae Fructus (Myrtaceae) (821 g), Typhae Pollen (Typhaceae) (1095 g), and roots of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Lamiaceae) (3284 g)	[226]
Zishen-Pingchan-Granules	15g Di huang (Radix Rehmanniae), 15 g Gouqizi (Fructus Ly cii), 20 g Sangjisheng (Taxillus sutchuenensis Danser), 15 g Tianma (Rhizoma Gastrodiae), 10 g Jiangchan (Bombyx batryticatus), 15 g Ezhu (Rhizoma Curcum ae Phaeo caulis), 20 g Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba), 15 g Tian nanxing (Rhizoma Arisaematis Erubescentis), 3 g Quanxie (Scorpio), and 3 g Wugong (Scolopendra)	[127]