Accuracy of Robot-Assisted Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Placement under Regional Anesthesia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

<div>Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar interbody fusion following robot-assisted percutaneous pedicle screw implantation (a); intraoperative fluoroscopy image during the interbody fusion cage placement (b).</div>

Pain Research and Management

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Figure 3

Figure 3: Accuracy of Robot-Assisted Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Placement under Regional Anesthesia: A Retrospective Cohort Study 