The Essential Oils Compounds of Lippia multiflora Moldenke and Cymbopogon schoenanthus (L.) Spreng Repel and Affect the Survival of the Maize Pest Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Larvae

Table 5

Effect of essential oils from Lippia multiflora, Cymbopogon schoenanthus, and their combinations on the growth of Spodoptera frugiperda L3 larvae.

Treatment	Average daily weight gain of larvae (g/day)
	L. multiflora	C. schoenanthus	Lm + Cs (3/4 : 1/4)	Lm + Cs (1/4 : 3/4)	Lm + Cs (1 : 1)
Absolute ethanol	0.0172 ± 0.0010^a	0.0172 ± 0.0010^ab	0.0172 ± 0.0010^a	0.0172 ± 0.0010^a	0.0172 ± 0.0010^a
1%	0.0184 ± 0.0012^a	0.0209 ± 0.0012^a	0.0160 ± 0.0013^a	0.0149 ± 0.0012^a	0.0190 ± 0.0011^a
1.4%	0.0143 ± 0.0016^a	0.0158 ± 0.0012^bc	0.0076 ± 0.0010^bc	0.0086 ± 0.0011^bc	0.0132 ± 0.0018^a
1.6%	0.0147 ± 0.0019^a	0.0135 ± 0.0012^bc	0.0101 ± 0.0008^b	0.0070 ± 0.0010^b	0.0136 ± 0.0016^a
1.8%	0.0079 ± 0.0019^b	0.0115 ± 0.0013^c	0.0036 ± 0.0014^c	0.0041 ± 0.0008^c	0.0152 ± 0.0024^a
2.2%	0.0126 ± 0.002^a	−0.0022 ± 0.0009^d	−0.0032 ± 0.0019^d	−0.0005 ± 0.0008^d	−0.0052 ± 0.0012^b
Probabilities	= 30.88; df = 5	= 85.811; df = 5	= 104.66; df = 5	= 119; df = 5	= 45.721; df = 5

LC: lethal concentration, CI: confident interval, Lm: Lippia multiflora; Cs: Cymbopogon schoenanthus; Lm + Cs (1 : 1): combination of Lm and Cs at 1 : 1 ratio; Lm + Cs (1/4 : 3/4): combination of Lm and Cs at the ratio 1/4 : 3/4, respectively; Lm + Cs (3/4 : 1/4): combination of Lm and Cs at the ratio 3/4 : 1/4, respectively. Means ± standard errors having the same superscript lowercase letters in the same column are not significantly different (linear ANOVA and Kruskal–Wallis test, α = 0.05).