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| Authors (Year) | Animal model | Study Group(s) | Control group | Preparation protocol of PDBs | The application method of PDBs | Method of evaluation | Main outcomes | Follow-up | References |
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| Sheu et al. (2020) | OVX mice | I: ADSCs
II: PRFr
III: ADSCs + PRFr | I: Unoperated mice
II: Operated non-OVX mice
III: Operated OVX mice | 6 ml blood centrifuged at: 3000 g in 10 min in order to obtain PRF
PRF was centrifuged at: 5000 g in 10 min to obtain PRFr | 0.6 mL IV injection/week for 4 weeks | I: micro-CT
II: Histology
III: Serum Ca and phosphate evaluation | OVX—ADSCs + PRFr exerted the best results in bone consolidation and bone tissue production | 8 weeks after the 1st injection | [23] |
|
| Wong et al. (2020) | OVX mice | I: PRFr (1×)
II: BMSCs (1×)
III: PRFr + BMSCs (1×)
IV: PRFr (4×)
V: BMSCs (4×)
VI: PRFr + BMSCs (4×) | Unoperated OVX mice | 8 ml blood centrifuged at: 400 g in 10 min in order to obtain PRF
PRF was centrifuged at: 3000 g in 10 min to obtain PRFr | 0.6 mL IV injection for the whole study period/1 IV injection/week for 4 weeks | I: Flow cytometry analysis
II: Osteogenic differentiation assay
III: micro-CT
IV: Histology | Groups with single injection didn’t exhibit any significant results. However, in the groups with 4 injections, PRFr + BMSCs showed the highest outcomes | 8 weeks after the 1st injection | [22] |
|
| Liu et al. (2011) | OVX mice | I: Young OVX mice + PRP + PBS (1 month-old)
II: Old OVX mice + PRP + PBS (10 months-old) | I: Young OVX mice with PBS injection (1 month-old)
II: Old OVX mice with PBS injection (10 months-old) | NR | Inside bone marrow cavity injection | I: Immunohistochemistry
II: BMD and micro-CT
III: Gene expression
IV: Western blot | PRP + PBS inhibited adipocyte differentiation and induced osteogenic differentiation in adipocytes. Moreover, PRP + PBS induced bone regeneration and avoided a further bone loss in osteoporotic mice | 4 months postoperatively | [37] |
|
| Lo et al., (2009) | OVX mice | I: NIH3T3 cells
II: PRP
III: PRP/NIH3T3 cells | Sham group | Blood centrifuged at 3000 g in 6 min | 1% PRP was applied to the calf serum containing DMEM | I: Osteogenic differentiation
II: RT-PCR
III: In vivo fluorescence imaging
IV: BMD assessment
V: Ultrastructural analysis
VI: IHC
VII: Western blot technique | The bone marrow transplantation of PRP-conditioned NIH3T3 cells prolonged the life span of the OVX rats and enhanced the bone quality | 0, 1, 2, and the 3 months postoperatively | [56] |
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